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| c. 1500 BC |
| | | The Jews adopt a long-established Egyptian ritual - the circumcision of boys | |
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| c. 280 BC |
| | | The Jewish community of Alexandria coins the word diaspora for Jews living far from Israel | |
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| c. 280 BC |
| | | The Jews of Alexandria commission the Greek translation of the Old Testament which becomes known as the Septuagint | |
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| c. 300 |
| | | The Jews of the Diaspora have by now spread through much of the Roman empire, where they are treated with tolerance | |
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| c. 1180 |
| | | In Cairo the Jewish philosoper Moses Maimonides writes, in Arabic, a much translated text with the endearing title Guide to the Perplexed | |
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| 1967 |
| | | A pre-emptive air strike by Israel destroys almost all Egypt's aircraft and launches the Six-Day War | |
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| 1973 |
| | | Egypt and Syria launch a surprise attack against Israel on Yom Kippur, the Day of Atonement | |
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| 1973 |
| | | Arab oil-exporting countries cause an economic crisis by denying oil to western countries supporting Israel | |
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| 1977 |
| | | Anwar el-Sadat, the Egyptian president, travels to Jerusalem to propose a peace plan to the Israelis | |
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| 1978 |
| | | Anwar el-Sadat and Menachem Begin sign an Egyptian-Israeli peace treaty at Camp David in the USA | |
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